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Altus is a city and county seat in Jackson County, Oklahoma, United States.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=2011-06-07 )〕 The population was 19,813 at the 2010 census, a loss of 7.7 percent compared to 21,454 at the 2000 census.〔("CensusViewer:Altus, Oklahoma Population." ) Retrieved January 16, 2014.〕 Altus is home to Altus Air Force Base, the United States Air Force training base for C-17, and KC-135 aircrews. It is also home to Western Oklahoma State College and Southwest Technology Center. ==History== The town that would later be named Altus was founded in 1886.〔(Altus ), (Oklahoma State University County Extension Service ) (accessed May 10, 2010)〕 The community was originally called Frazer, a settlement of about 50 people on Bitter Creek that served as a trading post on the Great Western Trail. Cowboys driving herds northward often stopped to buy buttermilk from John McClearan. Thus, the town was known locally as "Buttermilk Station." The Frazer post office opened February 18, 1886. A flash flood nearly destroyed Frazer on June 4, 1891. The residents moved to higher ground east of the original site. W. R. Baucum suggested renaming the town ''Altus'', a Latin word meaning "high." This name stuck, although the town was also known as Leger from July 10, 1901, to May 14, 1904,〔(Frances Herron, "Altus," ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture''. ) Accessed January 16, 2014.〕 The city has seen relatively steady growth since the beginning. The population doubled between the time of Oklahoma statehood and the 1910 census and even increased during the Great Depression.〔 Although Altus had been designated as the Jackson county seat at the time of statehood, an election was held in 1908 to determine the permanent seat. The two towns contending were Altus and Olustee. Altus won by a vote of 2,077 to 1,365. The county courthouse was built there in 1910.〔 An irrigation project in the 1940s and World War II led to further growth in the town as the nearby air field was used to train military pilots.〔 Altus was an important city on the defunct Wichita Falls and Northwestern Railway, one of the Frank Kell and Joseph A. Kemp properties, which stretched from Wichita Falls, Texas, to Forgan in Beaver County in far northwestern Oklahoma. It was later purchased by the Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railroad and since 1991 is operated by the Wichita, Tillman and Jackson Railway.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Donovan L. Hofsommer, "The Wichita Falls and Northwestern Railway" )〕 In 1908, the Kansas City, Mexico and Orient Railway (acquired by the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway in 1929) built a line through Altus. Around the same time, the Altus, Wichita Falls and Hollis Railway (which became the Wichita Falls and Northwestern Railway in 1911, then was acquired by the Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railway in 1922) constructed a line from Altus to the Oklahoma-Texas border. The railroads stimulated economic growth in the area and made Altus a regional agricultural center. By 1930, Altus had eight cotton gins, two cotton compresses, and eighteen wholesale businesses.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Altus, Oklahoma」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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